Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Polar Front of the Eastern Barents Sea at the End of the Growth Season     

V. M. Sergeeva  L. S. Zhitina  S. A. Mosharov  A. A. Nedospasov  A. A. Polukhin 《Oceanology》2018,58(5):700-709

Phytoplankton community and its distribution were investigated in the south part of the Polar Front in the eastern Barents Sea in October 2014. Analysis of the spatial differences in the phytoplankton structure was performed in connection with changes of the temperature, salinity and biogenic regime. At the end of the growing season in the phytoplankton community was dominated by destruction processes and the concentration of nutrients in the upper mixed layer was higher than the limiting level. Coccolithophores (Emiliania huxleyi and Discosphaera cf. tubifer) dominanted over investigated area. The maximum values of abundance and biomass of coccolithophores reached 90.4 mln.cell/m³ and 30.8 mgC/m³, drawing up 82% of the total number and 93% of the total biomass of phytoplankton. Influence of transformed the waters of Atlantic origin was observed in the western part of the investigated area. The number of species in the phytoplankton community here was 1.5–2 times lower than in the eastern part of the occupied mostly by Barents Sea water. In the eastern part of the presence of large dinoflagellates Neoceratium spp. (Ceratium spp.) and Dinophysis spp., lower values of chlorophyll a concentration, a higher proportion of pheophytin in the amount of pigment chlorophyll + pheophytin, the high content of ammonia in the upper mixed layer showed that in this area the phytoplankton was at a later seasonal succession stage than the western part.  相似文献   

Generation of the Stressed State of the Lithosphere of the Earth and Mars Caused by the Reorientation of Their Figures     

A.?L.?TserklevychEmail author  O.?S.?Zayats  Ye.?O.?Shylo  O.?M.?Shylo 《Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies》2018,34(1):19-36

The computer simulation of the reorientation of the Earth and Mars lithosphere figure has been performed, which due to the dynamic redistribution of masses, allowed to reveal certain regularities of the structure-forming processes. It has been shown that the shape of the lithosphere surface has a different orientation relatively to the geoids’ (aroids) figure. This causes redistribution of masses leading to a strained state of the lithosphere as a result of endogenous and gravitational-rotational forces action in the evolutionary processes of planet’s self-development. The solution of this problem is considered on the example of lithosphere surface heights approximation by a biaxial ellipsoid with seven parameters. The acting horizontal forces in the upper shell of the planet has been calculated, introducing the concept of “evolutionary deviation of the plumb” and assuming that the tangential forces are proportional to the angle, which is defined as the angle between the direction of the plumb line in the past geological epoch and the plumb line direction at a given point. The calculated fields of tangential force vectors show good consistency with the direction of space-time displacement of Earth’s continents and tectonic plates and consistent with the results of the horizontal movements of GNSS stations. This is quite convincing evidence that under the long-term action of vortex rotationalgravitational forces, the lithospheres masses acquire the properties of creep. All this leads to the fact that interacting blocks and plates within the vortex rotational-gravitational model can be interconnected to elastic fields that creates a single planetary geodynamic field that forms the evolutionary state of the geo-environment.  相似文献   

北斗三号组网卫星数据质量分析及单系统定轨精度初步评估     

曾添  贾小林  隋立芬  肖国锐  田翌君  吕志鹏 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(11):1165-1170

选取2018-01-23起10 d内16个iGMAS测站观测数据，对北斗三号卫星的观测数据质量及BDS单系统精密定轨精度进行评估。初步结果表明，老信号B1I、B3I北斗三号卫星的信噪比略强于二号卫星，噪声与多路径基本相当，均在0.1 m量级，新卫星不存在星内多路径偏差。新信号B1C/L1/E1频点GPS信噪比最强，Galileo和BDS卫星相当，B2a/L5/E5a和B2b/E5b各系统基本相当；噪声及多路径方面，B1C/L1/E1频点GPS优于BDS、Galileo卫星0.1 m量级，B2a/L5/E5a和B2b/E5b各系统基本相当，均在0.1 m量级，新信号中北斗三号卫星星内多路径偏差基本消失。单系统精密定轨试验中，分别进行有/无GEO卫星策略、太阳光压模型ECOM 五/九参数策略的比较，并使用卫星激光测距数据进行独立检核。初步结果表明，有GEO卫星、ECOM五参数光压模型的定轨精度最好，C19号卫星7个重叠弧段的平均定轨精度在沿迹向、法向、径向的精度分别为32 cm、16 cm、8 cm，与试验卫星的定轨精度基本相当。  相似文献   

Generation of the Vortex Movement in the Atmosphere due to Gravity Inhomogeneities     

L. Kh. Ingel  A. A. Makosko 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2018,54(6):536-541

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Modeling regional landslide susceptibility using dynamic soil moisture profiles     

Ram L. Ray  Jennifer M. Jacobs  Ellen M. Douglas 《山地科学学报》2018,15(8):1807-1824

A landslide susceptibility mapping study was performed using dynamic hillslope hydrology. The modified infinite slope stability model that directly includes vadose zone soil moisture (SM) was applied at Cleveland Corral, California, US and Krishnabhir, Dhading, Nepal. The variable infiltration capacity (VIC-3L) model simulated vadose zone soil moisture and the wetness index hydrologic model simulated groundwater (GW). The GW model predictions had a 75% NASH-Sutcliffe efficiency when compared to California’s in-situ GW measurements. The model performed best during the wet season. Using predicted GW and VIC-3L vadose zone SM, the developed landslide susceptibility maps showed very good agreement with mapped landslides at each study region. Previous quasi-dynamic model predictions of Nepal’s hazardous areas during extreme rainfall events were enhanced to improve the spatial characterization and provide the timing of hazardous conditions.  相似文献   

On Increasing the Accuracy of Star Trackers to Subsecond Levels     

A. I. Zacharov  N. L. Krusanova  I. V. Moskatiniev  M. E. Prohorov  O. Y. Stekol’shchikov  V. K. Sysoev  M. S. Tuchin  A. D. Yudin 《Solar System Research》2018,52(7):636-643

Modern star trackers are based on photodetector arrays such as CCD or CMOS arrays. The accuracy of commercially available devices is ~1–3 arcseconds. However, the development of the space industry calls for higher orientation accuracies, which are needed in laser space communications, monitoring of near-Earth space and space debris, high-precision global mapping, and remote sensing of the Earth. The problems associated with enhancing the accuracy of modern star trackers are discussed.  相似文献   

利用全台网垂直摆倾斜仪数据检测日本MW9.0地震激发的低频自由振荡     

孟方杰  张燕  赵佳佳 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(6):650-654

首次利用全台网多台垂直摆倾斜仪观测数据检测地球自由振荡。2011年日本MW9.0大地震发生后，43台仪器记录到其所激发的自由振荡信号。谱分析结果显示,垂直摆倾斜仪检测到了低频段（1~5 mHz）地球自由振荡振型，并且在超低频部分（<1.5 mHz）仍然还有较高的信噪比。选取43个台站中观测质量较好的36个台站数据进行叠积以增强信号，可以探测到一些非常微弱的模态，最终得到频率高于4.7 mHz的所有零阶球型振荡0S3~0S38（其中7个振型的观测频率与理论值的偏差近似为0）和环型振荡0T3~0T28几乎所有振型，此外还检测到21个谐频振型。  相似文献   

Influence of Inelastic Collisions with Hydrogen Atoms on Non-LTE Oxygen Abundance Determinations     

T. M. Sitnova  L. I. Mashonkina 《Astronomy Letters》2018,44(6):411-419

We present the results of our modeling of the O I line formation under non-LTE conditions in the atmospheres of FG stars. The statistical equilibrium of O I has been calculated using Barklem’s quantum-mechanical rates of inelastic collisions with hydrogen atoms. We have determined the non-LTE oxygen abundance from atomic O I lines for the Sun and 46 FG stars in a wide metallicity range, ?2.6 < [Fe/H] < 0.2. The application of accurate atomic data has led to an increase in the departures from LTE and a decrease in the oxygen abundance compared to the use of Drawin’s theoretical approximation. The change in the non-LTE abundance from the infrared O I 7771-5 Å triplet lines is 0.11 dex for solar atmospheric parameters and diminishes in absolute value with decreasing metallicity. We have revised the [O/Fe]–[Fe/H] relationship derived by us previously. The change in [O/Fe] is small in the [Fe/H] range from ?1.5 to 0.2. For stars with [Fe/H] < ?1 the [O/Fe] ratio has increased so that [O/Fe] = 0.60 at [Fe/H] = ?0.8 and rises to [O/Fe] = 0.75 at [Fe/H] = ?2.6.  相似文献   

Light Chemical Elements in Stars: Mysteries and Unsolved Problems     

L. S. Lyubimkov 《Astrophysics》2018,61(2):262-285

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First Analysis of Ground-Level Enhancement (GLE) 72 on 10 September 2017: Spectral and Anisotropy Characteristics     

A. Mishev  I. Usoskin  O. Raukunen  M. Paassilta  E. Valtonen  L. Kocharov  R. Vainio 《Solar physics》2018,293(10):136

Using data obtained with neutron monitors and space-borne instruments, we analyzed the second ground-level enhancement (GLE) of Solar Cycle 24, namely the event of 10 September 2017 (GLE 72), and derived the spectral and angular characteristics of associated GLE particles. We employed a new neutron-monitor yield function and a recently proposed model based on an optimization procedure. The method consists of simulating particle propagation in a model magnetosphere in order to derive the cutoff rigidity and neutron-monitor asymptotic directions. Subsequently, the rigidity spectrum and anisotropy of GLE particles are obtained in their dynamical evolution during the event on the basis of an inverse-problem solution. The derived angular distribution and spectra are discussed briefly.  相似文献